Process of applying material to a sheet or web



Aug. 22, 1939'. w. F. GRUPE 2,170,140 "I PROCESS OF APPLYING MATERIAL TO A SHE ET DR WEB Filed Aug. 19, 1956. 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I V k W I INVENTOR WWW P w; W

Aug. 22, 1939. w. F. GRUPE 3,170,140

PROCESS OF APPLYING MATERIAL TO A SHEET DR WEB Filed Aug. 19; 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR iHiam Gr e .A LAW H TTORNEY.

Patented Aug. '22, 1939 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE PROCESS OF APPLYING MATERIAL TO A SHEET OR. WEB

William F. Grupe, Lyndhurst, N. J., assignor to Chambon Corporation, Garfield, N. J., a corporation oi. New York Application August 19, 1936, Serial No. 96,836

4 Claims. (CI. 91-70) The invention relates to an improved process My invention has particular application to the of applying material to a sheet or web. coating or printing as aforesaid upon a web such The present invention is directed to the applyas paper, cellulose films such as Cel1ophane" ing upon a-sheet or web, material of suitable and other cellulose sheeting, metal foils, metal 5 character which is solid at atmospheric tempersheets, etc.,, fabrics and the like either in single 5 atures, but applied in fluid status at an elevated or multiple stage of application. temperature. Supplemental to the primary control by the Heretofore, material has been applied to sheet intaglio characteristics of the intaglio roller of or web through the instrumentality of a smooth the amount and uniformity of the, applied matel0. faced roller which is in contact with the sheet rial, variant effects of the applied material are or web under pressure of sufficient degree to produced by regulation of the temperature of the effect positive contact between the sheet or web web at the stage of application of the material and the applied material. However, such proand/or prior thereto and/or subsequent thereto. cedure has many disadvantages and particularly Such thermal treatment may be for the purpose in that the amount of the applied material and of elevating the temperature of the web, of loW- 15 uniformity thereof are difficult to control, furering the temperature of the web, or of mainther, that the pressure between such smooth taining the temperature of the web at atmosfaced roller and the sheet or web causes the appheric, i. e. room temperature. By such thermal plied material to be forced into the pores of the regulation control is had with respect'to penesheet or web, and frequently through the pores tration and extent thereof or non-penetration ill) of the sheet or web, thus necessitating a higher of the applied material relative to the web and/ or quality and higher priced sheet or web material. with respect to the blending of successive appli-' Pursuant to my invention, the above stated and cations of applied material having diiierent charother difficulties of the prior art, are overcome acteristics as to color or other physical attributes.

by the employment of an intaglio roller as the Subsequent to a single stage application or 25 instrumentality of application of the applied subsequent to the first or other application stage materialy $11011 means dsired predeterof a succession of application stages, the web mined and measured amount of the applied mateand thereto applied material or materials may rial is supplied and deposited upon the sheet or be further thermally treated to attain rapid web independently of the pressure between the hardening of the applied material and the pre- 30 face of the intaglio roller and the sheet or web vention of penetration of the applied material and direct contact between the applied material r l ti t m web or t control of t Deneand the sheet or web is had without forcing the tration to any desired degree of the applied mateapplied material into the sheet or web. The disrial into the web, or in the instance of multiple 3 5 tribution of the material applied is thus directly preceding applications of applied materials the controlled and deposited upon the sheet or web. control of blending and/or intermingling of the My invention further contemplates the employ respectively applied materials. ment of applied material which is solidat at- Among other advantages attained by my inmospheric temperatures, and which is supplied to vention are the savings in materials in that by the 40 theapplying intaglio roller at el v ted emper usual method of intaglio printing the printing 40 ature to render such applied material fluid at the material must be brought to a fluid state by solustage of application. tion in solvents, with the attendant necessity of Materials applicable for carrying out my inwastefully disposing by evaporation of these sol- .vention are of variant character depending upon vents after the printing material has been apthe nature of the coating or printing desired. plied to the web; the reduction-of the time period 45 For example, waxes, resins, pitches, gums, etc., required for the solidification or drying of the either natural or synthetic, employed either singprinting material after its application to the web ly or in combination with one other, having meltsince. the hardening or'drying of my material is ing points at suitable elevated temperatures with brought about simply and rapidly by the lowering 5 respect to atmospheric temperatures, may be of its temperature to atmospheric temperature employed. For attaining color effect, media such which may be accelerated by the application of as pigments, dyes or other coloring, inclusive of circulated, preferably chilled, air or by contact white, may be dispersed in the above referred to with a chilled surface such asa roller; further,

- naturaIand/or synthetic materials serving as by my method, the full, 1. e., unextended body the vehicle. of the applied material is applied directly to the 55:

web whereas in solvent applied printing material but a relatively small fractional proportion of the applied printing material, usually in the neighborhood of 30%, can be of a solid nature, the balance being solvents which must be wastefully dissipated. Additionally, by my process the applied material when desired, is applied solely to the facial plane of the web, whereas in the case of solvent applied printing material, the solvent, together with entrained portions of the printing material, may penetrate the web interiorly of the facial plane of the web.

Further features and objects of the invention will be more fully understood from the followina detail description and the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 illustrates diagratically, largely in vertical section, a two-stage procedure in carrying out my invention, embodying in particular a heated reservoir for the supply of the applied material and a heated intaglio applying cylinder.

Fig. 2 illustrates "diaatically, largely in vertical section, a one-stage procedure in carrying the invention.

Fig. 3 illustrates diagratically, largely in vertical section, another form of two-stage procedure in carrying out the invention.

Fig. 4 illustrates diagrammatically, largely in vertical section, another form of two-stage procedure in carrying out the invention.

Referring .to the two-stage procedure illustrated in Fig. 1, the web, such as paper, cellulose film, i. e., Cellophane or other cellulose sheeting, metal foil, metal sheet, fabric, etc., is indicated at 10. The material indicated at H, to be applied to such web it is supplied from a suitable reservoir indicated at 52. Such material it may be a wax, resin, pitch, gum, etc., either natural or synthetic, employed either singly or in suitable combination having melting points at temperatures suitably above atmospheric temperatures, and which may or may not embody suitable coloring media, such as a pigment, dye, etc., inclusive of white, suitably dispersed within the stated material ii. Desirably, such reservoir i2 is pro- Vided with suitable heating means, indicated at l3, for maintaining the temperature of the 0011- tained material ii. Such heating means. 83 may be of electrical character or piping for conveying a suitable heating medium.

Such material it is suitably supplied to the intaglio cylinder indicated at it which is maintained at a suitable elevated temperature by suitable heating means indicated at It. Such heating means I 6 may be of electrical character or piping for the conveyance of a suitable heating medium.

The direction of rotation of the intaglio cylinder i4 is indicated by the arrow is. At I! is indicated a scraper, doctor blade, or the like, hearing under pressure against the surface of the intaglio cylinder I 6, as is well understood by those skilled in the art.

The impression cylinder, in association with the intaglio cylinder I4, is indicated at I8, and its direction of rotation is indicated by the arrow l9. Such impression cylinder l8 may, if desired, be provided with heating means, indicated at 20,

which may be of the character of the aforesaid superimposition or in register with one another. The above described parts appear in Fig. 1 at the left of Fig. 1 and indicate the employment of such parts at the first stage of application of the desired material H. Atthe right of Fig. 1 are indicated parts corresponding to the above described parts, the various reference characters corresponding thereto with the sufllx a, applicable for the applying of the same or different material Ha, of the above general character, either in superimposition of the impression effected by the first stage intaglio cylinder M or in register therewith.

Such two-stage treatment, pursuant to my invention, as to certain phases thereof, is facilitated by the employment of a suitable thermal device indicated at-2l, which may be either to elevate the temperature of the applied material as for the purpose of inducing the penetration into the web it of the material it applied by the intaglio cylinder it or to lower the temperature, such as by chilling the material it and the web it, for the purpose of rapid setting of the applied material ii. At Zia is ind cated a thermal device, which may be of temperature-elevating character or temperature-reducing character, for controlling the extent of penetration of the applied material Me or conjointly of the applied materials li, Ma.

At 22, in Fig. l, is indicated one or more breaker rolls or the like, employed for controlling the path of travel of the web ill, and, as indicated more fully hereinafter, may be equipped with a suitable thermaldevice, for the regulation of temperature of the web so and the thereto applied material ll.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 2 is typical of the utilizationof the invention for a single stage treatment of a web it, pursuant to my invention. The supply of suitable material I I may be had by the parts and associated devices corresponding to those indicated at the first stage of the twoa stage procedure illustrated in Fig. 1, which parts and appurtenant devices are designated by corresponding reference characters. The procedure indicated in Fig. 2 particularly illustrates the pre-cooling of the Web Ill by a suitable cooling device indicated at 23. In certain phases of my invention theimpression roller I8 may be unheated, Fig. 2 also illustrates the cooling of the web It after application thereon of the treating material It through the instrumentality of the intaglio cylinder I i, such cooling treatment being had by a suitable cooling device indicated at 2i. Supplemental cooling of the treated web in may be had by providing the breaker roller 220. with suitable cooling means indicated at 24.

Fig. 3 illustrates a. further embodiment of my invention, as carried out by two-stage procedure. The parts corresponding to those indicated in Fig. 1 are designated by like reference charactors. The arrangement shown in Fig. 3 illustrates in particular the pro-thermal treatment of the web Ill by a thermal device indicated at 23, either of heating or cooling character, the thermal treatment of the web I0 having applied thereto the material H through the instrumentality of the intaglio cylinder l4 and its impression cylinder ill, the thereto subsequent thermal treatment of the web by the thermal device 2|, and the application at the second stage of the treating material Ha through the instrumentality of the intaglio cylinder Ila and its associated impression cylinder l8a, and the final thermal treatment of the superimposed or registered dual impressions of the materials II, Ila, by the thermal device indicated at 2la.

Pursuant to the procedure in Fig. 3, the respective impression cylinders l8, l8a, and/or the breaker roller 22 may be unheated or provided with suitable cooling means.

In the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 4, like partsbeing indicated by like reference characters corresponding to the above described parts, the web l0 may be cooled or heated by the indicated thermal device 23 in advance of the first stage application of the material II, at which stage the impression roll I8 may be equipped with suitable heating means indicated at 20, similarly as above. The thus treated web It and material ll applied thereto may be thermally treated by a suitable thermal device indicatedat 2|, then passed over a breaker roller 22, which may be equipped with a suitable thermal device indicated at 24, and then treated at a second stage, with suitable material Ila, either in superimposition of the first stage application or in register therewith, which may be further objected to suitable thermal treatment indicated by the thermal device 2la.

As appears from the above, the number of stages of application of material of the above character, and thermal treatments thereof, may be as desired.

By my invention, as appearsfrom the variant forms thereof as above pointed out, variant products as desired are attained, inclusive of variant color effects. For certain types of web, control with respect to penetration of the applied material is had by proper control of the temperature of the web; again, such control of penetration of the applied material is regulated by the temperature of application of the applied material controlled by the temperature of the bath of the applied material and/or the temperature of the intaglio cylinder, supplemented where desirable by the controlled temperature of the impression cylinder and further subject to control by a suitable thermal device or devices.

The above procedure, in the practical arts, is applicable to variant types of applied material of the character set forth hereinabove, for variant trolled penetration and controlled superficial deposit, either in desired segregated facial area or co-extensive 'with the face of the web. By-applying uniformly controlled quantities of the same or varied compositions of applied material in multiple superimposed layers and my proper thermal regulation of the respective layers, carbon tissue having superior transfer and retention characteristics is obtained;

The invention may be employed forapplying segregated areas of the above stated material, to

serve as areas bearing adhesives serving upon blanking of the web to bond overlapping areas and the like.

Whereas, I have described my invention by reference to specific forms thereof it will be under-- stood that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim 1. The process for the production of carbon transfer paper, which comprises applying to a surface of a web of paper by means of a heated intaglio roller and a cooperating heated impression roller, a thermoplastic base transfer material heated to a liquid state; thereafter thermally.

treating the said surface as the web of paper travels; subsequently applying to said surface, by

means of a heated intaglio roller and a heated cooperating impression roller, a pigment-carry-.

ing-material heated to a liquid state; and finally thermally treating the so treated web.

2. A method of treating a web of sheet material with coating material which is liquid when heated and solid when cooled, comprising applying to a surface of said web of sheet material,

by means of a. heated intaglio roller and a cooperating heated impression roller, thermoplastic coating material heated to a liquid state; thereafter thermally treating the said surface as the web of sheet material travels; subsequently apterial, heated to a liquid state, in predetermined measured amounts to the surface of the web by means of an intaglio roller and a cooperating impression roller, said intaglio roller being immersed in a bath of the heated material; thereafter thermally treating the surface as the web travels; subsequently applying further predetermined amounts of material, heated to a liquid state, to said surface by means of a heated intaglio roller which is immersed in a heated bath of the material and has a cooperating impression cylinder; and finally thermally treating the so treated web.

4. A method of treating a traveling web with a marking or coating material which is liquid when heated and solid when-cooled, comprising heating at least one surface of the web; passing said heated web between an intaglio cylinder and a cooperating impression cylinder, said intagliocylinder being immersed in a heated bath of the material and heated uniformly, whereby said material will be applied to the web in predetermined quantities; and subsequently cooling the applied material.

wmuau r. Gaunt. 

